| 1987 | Uptake and activity of rifapentine in human peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | Eur J Clin Microbiol | Rifapentine uptake by human peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes was evaluated and its activity against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in both types of phagocytes was compared to that of rifampin, teicoplanin and Clindamycin. Uptake of radiolabeled rifapentine by peritoneal macrophages (intracellular/extracellular ratio 61.4 +/- 5.8) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (intracellular/extracellular ratio 87.6 +/- 3.9) was significantly higher than that of teicoplanin (intracellular/extracellular ratio 40.8 +/- 3.6 and 52.3 +/- 3.2 respectively) and Clindamycin (intracellular/extracellular ratio 6.9 +/- 0.4 and 8.3 +/- 0.5 respectively). Rifapentine and rifampin showed the highest activity against intracellular staphylococci in both peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Clindamycin also showed efficient intracellular activity. In contrast, teicoplanin, which achieved high cellular levels with both types of phagocytes, failed to produce a significant reduction in viable intraphagocytic Staphylococcus epidermidis. On the basis of these findings it is suggested that rifapentine may play a future role in the treatment of certain types of staphylococcal infection. |
| 1987 | Comparative in vitro activity of CI934, a new fluoroquinolone, alone and in combination with coumermycin, against gram-positive bacteria. | Drugs Exp Clin Res | The in vitro activity of Cl934, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent, was studied against 314 strains of Gram-positive bacteria representing 6 genera: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, S. milleri, viridans streptococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium JK, Mycobacterium fortuitum and Bacillus spp.; and compared with that of enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, ampicillin, coumermycin, oxacillin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampin, rifapentine, LM 427, erythromycin, minocycline, tetracycline and Clindamycin. The agar dilution method was used. Cl934 was very active in vitro, with MIC90 less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l against most species tested, except for S. faecalis and M. fortuitum. It was usually 2 to 8-fold more active than ciprofloxacin. Cl934 was also tested by the killing curve method, alone and in combination with coumermycin. It was rapidly bactericidal against most species tested, including S. faecalis. A synergistic interaction was observed with coumermycin against S. aureus, S. agalactiae, S. milleri and S. faecalis. The only antagonistic interaction occurred against L. monocytogenes exposed to 8 X MIC of Cl934 with 2 X MIC of coumermycin. |